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<table width="100%" summary="page for Lanza"><tr><td>Lanza</td><td style="text-align: right;">R Documentation</td></tr></table>

<h2> Prevention of Gastointestinal Damages </h2>

<h3>Description</h3>

<p>Data from four randomised clinical trials on the prevention of 
gastointestinal damages by Misoprostol reported by Lanza et al.
(1987, 1988a,b, 1989).
</p>


<h3>Usage</h3>

<pre>data("Lanza")</pre>


<h3>Format</h3>

<p>A data frame with 198 observations on the following 3 variables.
</p>

<dl>
<dt><code>study</code></dt><dd><p>a factor with levels <code>I</code>, <code>II</code>,
<code>III</code>, and <code>IV</code> describing the study number.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>treatment</code></dt><dd><p>a factor with levels <code>Misoprostol</code> <code>Placebo</code></p>
</dd>
<dt><code>classification</code></dt><dd><p>an ordered factor with levels <code>1</code> &lt; <code>2</code> &lt; <code>3</code> &lt; <code>4</code> &lt; <code>5</code>
describing an ordered response variable.</p>
</dd>
</dl>



<h3>Details</h3>

<p>The response variable is defined by the number of haemorrhages or
erosions. 
</p>


<h3>Source</h3>

<p>F. L. Lanza (1987), A double-blind study of prophylactic effect of misoprostol on
lesions of gastric and duodenal mucosa induced by oral administration of tolmetin 
in healthy subjects. <em>British Journal of Clinical Practice</em>, May
suppl, 91&ndash;101.
</p>
<p>F. L. Lanza, R. L. Aspinall, E. A. Swabb, R. E. Davis, M. F. Rack, A. Rubin
(1988a), Double-blind, placebo-controlled endoscopic comparison of the
mucosal protective effects of misoprostol versus cimetidine on
tolmetin-induced mucosal injury to the stomach and duodenum. 
<em>Gastroenterology</em>, <b>95</b>(2), 289&ndash;294.
</p>
<p>F. L. Lanza, K. Peace, L. Gustitus, M. F. Rack, B. Dickson (1988b),
A blinded endoscopic comparative study of misoprostol versus
sucralfate and placebo in the prevention of aspirin-induced
gastric and duodenal ulceration. <em>American Journal of Gastroenterology</em>,
<b>83</b>(2), 143&ndash;146.
</p>
<p>F. L. Lanza, D. Fakouhi, A. Rubin, R. E. Davis, M. F. Rack, C. Nissen, S. Geis
(1989), A double-blind placebo-controlled comparison of the efficacy
and safety of 50, 100, and 200 micrograms of misoprostol
QID in the prevention of ibuprofen-induced gastric and
duodenal mucosal lesions and symptoms. <em>American Journal of  Gastroenterology</em>,
<b>84</b>(6), 633&ndash;636.
</p>


<h3>Examples</h3>

<pre>

  data("Lanza", package = "HSAUR")
  layout(matrix(1:4, nrow = 2))
  pl &lt;- tapply(1:nrow(Lanza), Lanza$study, function(indx)
      mosaicplot(table(Lanza[indx,"treatment"], 
                       Lanza[indx,"classification"]),
                 main = "", shade = TRUE))

</pre>


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